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Page 2 of 5 acre-feet from its local wells, approximately 20 percent of the water used in the city. The City wells are primarily utilized during the warmer time of year to meet increased water demands. The City purchases water from Zone 7 in underground vaults called turnouts where water from Zone 7 is pushed into the City’s system and is controlled, fluorinated, and metered. The water distribution system was designed to incorporate the locations of both the turnouts and City wells to maintain balanced system pressure. Changes to the volume of water entering the system through different turnouts and wells can cause pressure variations within the system. The City actively monitors the system to ensure that pressures in the system meet the American Water Works Association standards. With the presence of PFAS in portions of the aquifer that both the City and Zone 7 wells draw from, the City has restricted the use of its wells. Summer demands for 2023 were met by purchasing additional water from Zone 7 at the existing turnouts and continued voluntary conservation, during which time existing peak demands of 18 million gallons per day (mgd) were lower than the anticipated peak daily demand of 25.8 mgd; this was attributed to lower temperatures, continued conservation and modification of the operation of the City’s water system. To meet peak demands without using the wells, the City coordinated with high water users — including the City at its parks and Callippe Preserve Golf Course — to conserve and reduce water during peak demand periods. Turnout No. 1 was taken out of service after flooding from an unknown water leak that damaged the below-grade equipment in 2014. In 2014, Turnout No. 1 was also determined to be redundant, with Wells 5 and 6 and Turnout No. 2 meeting the demands in the local area, and was not repaired then. The Water Supply Alternatives Study modeling identified it was critical for Turnout No. 1 to be put back in service to rebalance the water system pressure until a long-term solution was implemented. Temporary improvements and repairs to the broken line were completed by the City and Zone 7 in spring 2023 and the turnout was put back in service. On August 15, 2023, the City Council approved and authorized a professional services agreement with Parkpour Consulting Group to design the Bernal Avenue 18-Inch Water Main (F-4 Line) Project, CIP No. 24172. This project was combined with City staff-designed Turnout No. 1 improvements into a single construction package and then bid in November; ids were opened on December 11, 2023. DISCUSSION With restricted service of Wells 5 and 6 due to PFAS, additional water is being purchased from Zone 7 through existing turnouts to meet system demands. The Water Supply Alternatives Study selected the two new well option on the west side of the city. To meet the City’s future and short-term water demands until the two new wells are in service and to re-balance the water system, improvements to turnouts and water distribution piping are necessary. The Bernal Avenue 18-Inch Water Main (F-4 Line) & Turnout No. 1 Improvements Project, CIP No. 24172, is the first of three capital improvement projects required to maintain a balanced water system pressure in response to limited availability of water from City-owned wells, to meet future demands, and to improve reliability of the system. The City’s hydraulic model identified the need for a new 18-inch water line on Bernal Avenue from Turnout No. 5 at the intersection of Nevada Street and Bernal Avenue to Vineyard Page 176 of 201