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F-4 | City of Pleasanton Affirmatively Furthering Fair Housing <br />Section F.2 Background <br />F.2.1 Overview of City Growth and Development <br />Pleasanton’s history of residential growth and development reflects the influence of many and <br />varied geographic, historic, and socio-economic factor and trends over time. Before the permanent <br />settlement of Europeans in the San Francisco Bay Area in the late eighteenth century, members <br />of the Ohlone Native Californian group inhabited the vicinity of Pleasanton, particularly around the <br />major Arroyos. According to the City’s General Plan, several direct ancestors of the Mukewma <br />Ohlone tribe have been traced to Pleasanton and the Tri-Valley and tribal members continue to <br />live in this area.2 After secularization of the Alta California missions in the early nineteenth century, <br />the Mexican government granted most of the vicinity of Pleasanton, including the future town site, <br />to members of the Bernal Family. <br /> <br />With American annexation of California and the onset of the Gold Rush in the late 1840s, members <br />of the Bernal family established permanent homes on their rancho and constructed adobe homes <br />along the Arroyo del Valle. The Pleasanton area remained sparsely populated in the 1850s, but in <br />the 1860s news of the impending arrival of a segment of the Transcontinental Railroad sparked <br />the first efforts at organized town development and an increase in population. <br /> <br />The Western (later Central/Southern) Pacific Railroad planned construction of a segment of the <br />final railroad link between Sacramento and San Jose through Pleasanton beginning in the early <br />1860s. The arrival of the railroad sparked a commercial, agricultural, and residential boom in <br />Pleasanton as the community gained greater access to the major regional urban markets of San <br />Francisco and Oakland. Between the 1870s and World War II, Pleasanton became a major <br />regional supplier of commodity crops like grain, livestock, and agricultural products. The <br />abundance of agricultural jobs attracted thousands of temporary and migrant laborers each year, <br />most of whom lived in temporary quarters on employers’ properties. <br /> <br />Following incorporation in 1894, the City grew modestly through the first half of the 20th Century, <br />but growth accelerated more rapidly during World War II as several military installations in the area <br />brought service members and war workers to the region, demanding new housing construction. <br />This brought a small boom in commercial and agricultural activity in Pleasanton, spurred by the <br />needs of the war effort and the nearby presence of tens of thousands of American armed service <br />members and war workers. The U.S. Navy constructed the Naval Construction Battalion Center in <br />1943 and later Camp Parks and Camp Shoemaker, just north of Pleasanton. Camp Shoemaker <br /> <br /> <br />2 Pleasanton General Plan 2005-2025, Page 7-17