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United States Emissions Inventory Total U.S. GHG emissions were 6,558 MMT of CO2e in 2019. Emissions decreased by 1.7 percent from 2018 to 2019; since 1990,total U.S. emissions have increased by an average annual rate of 0.06 percent for a total increase of 1.8 percent between 1990 and 2019.The decrease from 2018 to 2019 reflects the combined influences of several long-term trends, including population changes, economic growth,energy market shifts,technological changes such as improvements in energy efficiency, and decrease carbon intensity of energy fuel choices. In 2019,the industrial and transportation end-use sectors accounted for 30 percent and 29 percent, respectively, of nationwide GHG emissions while the commercial and residential end-use sectors accounted for 16 percent and 15 percent of nationwide GHG emissions, respectively,with electricity emissions distributed among the various sectors.47 California Emissions Inventory Based on the California Air Resources Board(CARE)California GHG Inventory for 2000-2019, California produced 418.2 MMT CO2e in 2019.48 The largest single source of GHG in California is transportation, contributing 40 percent of the State's total GHG emissions. Industrial sources are the second-largest source of the State's GHG emissions, contributing 21 percent of the State's GHG emissions.49 The magnitude of California's total GHG emissions is due in part to its large size and large population compared to other states. However, a factor that reduces California's per capita fuel use and GHG emissions as compared to other states is its relatively mild climate. In 2016,the State of California achieved its 2020 GHG emission reduction target of reducing emissions to 1990 levels as emissions fell below 431 MMT of CO2e.50 The annual 2030 Statewide target emissions level is 260 MMT of CO2e.51 Potential Effects of Climate Change Globally, climate change has the potential to affect numerous environmental resources through potential impacts related to future air temperatures and precipitation patterns.Scientific modeling predicts that continued GHG emissions at or above current rates would induce more extreme climate changes during the 21"century than were observed during the 201h century. Long-term trends have found that each of the past four decades has been warmer than all the previous decades in the instrumental record and the decade from 2011 through 2020 has been the warmest. The observed global mean surface temperature (GMST)for the decade from 2011 to 2020 was approximately 1.09°C(0.95°C to 1.20°C) higher than the average GMST over the period from 1850 to 1900. Due to past and current activities, anthropogenic GHG emissions are increasing global mean surface temperature at a rate of 0.2°C per decade. In addition to these findings,the latest IPCC report states that"human-induced climate change is already affecting many weather and climate 47 U.S.EPA.2021.Inventory of U.S.Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Sinks:1990-2019.April 2021. https://www.epa.gov/system/fi les/documents/2022-02/us-ghg-i nve nto ry-2022-main-text.pdf 48 California Air Resources Board(CARB).2021."Current California Greenhouse Gas Emission Inventory—2000-2019 GHG Inventory (2021 Edition).https://ww2.arb.ca.gov/ghg-inventory-data 49 Ibid. 50 Ibid, 51 CARE.2017.California's 2017 Climate Change Scoping Plan.December 14,2017. https://www.arb.ca.gov/cc/scopingplan/scoping_plan_2017.pdf