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Introduction <br />to the Project <br />With a general decline in the affordability of housing <br />and a rise in construction costs over the past decade, <br />many state and local governments have been looking <br />for solutions to increase the supply of new affordable <br />housing. Inclusionary housing (IH) ties the creation <br />of affordable, below -market -rate units with new <br />development, and it is a means for creating affordable <br />housing and inclusive communities. Yet, limited research <br />circumscribes our understanding about the similarities <br />and variations of inclusionary housing programs across <br />the nation. To this end, Grounded Solutions Network <br />(GSN) embarked on a large-scale data collection effort <br />between 2018 and 2019 to study inclusionary housing <br />programs' in local jurisdictions. The study covered two <br />main types of IH programs: traditional IH programs, <br />which create affordable units directly or indirectly <br />through payments of in -lieu fees, and linkage/impact <br />fee programs, which generate fees for the development <br />of affordable housing from commercial development, <br />residential development, or both. <br />Results were compiled from a combined review of <br />local housing ordinances along with an online survey <br />completed by local housing agencies. The project had <br />three goals: to create a database of IH programs; to <br />study the prevalence, practices, and production from <br />programs in the resulting database; and to identify <br />potential Duty to Serve (DTS) eligible programs. <br />Inclusionary housing is a means <br />for creating affordable housing and <br />inclusive communities. <br />This report summarizes patterns and trends in the <br />inclusionary housing programs identified and includes <br />breakouts for the three states with the highest number of <br />programs. Whilethe data provided is labeled forsole and <br />forrent, these categories are largely synonymous with <br />single-family homeownership and multifamily rentols.z <br />'Among other reasons, since some state <br />mandates are codified in local ordinances, <br />the study excluded a separate count of state <br />programs to avoid double counting. <br />Z Rental programs apply to multifamily properties <br />with five or more units. A small minority of <br />rental programs may apply to planned unit <br />developments (PUD) occurring in multiple <br />single-family lots, which may trigger inclusion <br />of single-family affordable rentals. <br />