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Joint Tri-Valley Potable Reuse Technical Feasibility Study I ES I TRI-VALLEY WATER AGENCIES <br /> reuse"refers to the practice of using purified water derived from wastewater effluent to <br /> supplement water supplies.Specific terminology that will be used in this study are: <br /> Groundwater Augmentation or Recharge:planned used of purified recycled water for <br /> replenishment of a groundwater basin or an aquifer that has been designated as a source of <br /> water supply for a public water system. <br /> Raw Water Augmentation(RWA):planned placement of purified recycled water into a system <br /> of pipelines or aqueducts that deliver raw water to a drinking water treatment plant that <br /> provides water to a public water system. <br /> Treatment Technology <br /> An advanced water purification facility(AWPF)is required for any potable reuse operation. <br /> Potable reuse uses multiple barriers for reliable purification.The multiple barriers concept was <br /> designed to ensure public health and the reliability of the process.Each treatment technology <br /> has different capabilities in removing pathogens,contaminants of emerging concern,and <br /> meeting drinking water standards so combining them adds layers of safety as shown in Figure <br /> ES.3 and Table ES.1. <br /> Oxidant <br /> ,�. _ <br /> ..e«"it Fr, <br /> Source Ultraflftratlon Revere Granulated UVAdvanced Engineered Product <br /> WaterOsmosis Activated Oxidation Storage Buffer+ Water <br /> Carbon Process clz <br /> Figure ES.3 AWPF Treatment Train(Dash lines show additional treatment assumed for RWA) <br /> Table ES.1 Treatment Technologies Target Removal and Multiple Barrier Concept <br /> Protozoa X X X <br /> Virus X X X <br /> MCLs X X X <br /> CECs X X X <br /> A treatment train that meets regulatory guidance for groundwater recharge has been <br /> established by Title 22,termed Full Advanced Treatment(FAT).This widely accepted and <br /> regulatory approved treatment process train for potable reuse is membrane filtration(MF/UF, <br /> micro or ultra-filtration),reverse osmosis(RO),followed by an ultraviolet light/advanced <br /> oxidation processes(UV/AOP)step.The proposed treatment train for Raw Water Augmentation <br /> involves the addition of Granular Activated Carbon(GAC)after the RO process to prevent any <br /> contaminant spikes that might pass through the RO from getting to the finished water.An <br /> engineered storage buffer(ESB)is also included at the end of the treatment train.This ESB is a <br /> series of three tanks,which provides additional monitoring time to be able to respond to any <br /> C Cprum FINAL( MAY 20181 5 <br />