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Authority of an IPA varies within each jurisdiction. Authority ranges from an auditing body that makes recommendations, to one that holds absolute authority to recommend discipline. These recommendations can be binding or appealed by a chief of police depending on how the IPA is structured and the unique nature of each city's contract with their bargaining groups. Several cities in California have implemented IPA programs. The cities of San Jose, Palo Alto, and Davis all have similar IPA offices with authority to only make policy and procedure recommendations. Police Chief's Advisory Board A Police Chief's Advisory Board (CAB) is established under the direction of the City Council and implemented by a chief of police. A CAB acts as a resource for a chief in the formation of strategies, development of community policing concepts, increasing public awareness, furthering engagement and transparency efforts, and identifying best practices. The CAB is intended to have a broad spectrum of viewpoints (with seats reserved for various stakeholder groups) and to provide a forum for discussions concerning community issues. A CAB acts solely in an advisory capacity and is driven by the active participation, creativity, and vision of its members. To carry out its purpose, a CAB addresses issues associated with police-community relations, the improvement of department operations, and public safety issues to enhance the quality of life. A CAB acts as a sounding board for a chief of police regarding community needs and concerns, keeps the chief apprised of the community's need for police services, and assists in informing the larger community about the function and role of the department. A CAB focuses on contemporary challenges that impact the community and its police department. CAB topics can range, but are not limited to: • Use of Force • Mental Health Response • Criminal Activity and Trends • Police in the Schools • Transparency • Homelessness • Technology A CAB is proactive, but it does not have the authority to investigate, review, or otherwise participate in matters involving specific police personnel or specific police- related incidents. It does not receive or review complaints initiated against personnel, nor does it play a role in civil or criminal litigation. In its capacity as an advisory committee, a CAB is intended to be an expression of the community's perspective to the police department through their direct interactions with the chief of police. A CAB could Page 9 of 10