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extremely healthy and very stable retail base throughout the city. The retail market in Dublin is not <br /> as strong as in Pleasanton, but is still operating within healthy parameters. Dublin retail vacancy <br /> peaked at 14.7% in the 3'd quarter of 2009, but dropped by 2011 to below 10.0%. Since then, <br /> vacancy was lowest in 1" quarter 2015, at 3.9%, which is an extremely low vacancy rate. The <br /> vacancy rate as of 4'" quarter 2015 was slightly higher at 5.9%, but still relatively low by <br /> commercial market standards. These favorable retail vacancy rates in Pleasanton and Dublin bode <br /> well for the market area with respect to any potential increases in vacancy attributable to potential <br /> Project impacts resulting in store closures. <br /> Retail vacancies in Pleasanton and Dublin are finding new tenants. At least 35 retail leases were <br /> executed in Pleasanton over the one-year time frame from approximately mid-January 2015 to <br /> mid-January 2016, totaling approximately 72,000 square feet. Comparable figures in Dublin over <br /> the same time frame were 44 leases totaling over 140,000 square feet. These lease transactions <br /> ranged in size, up to 19,500 square feet. Over a longer period of time the Pleasanton market <br /> alone has demonstrated the ability to backfill even larger spaces, including spaces vacated by <br /> grocery stores.' Field observation indicates that properties that are not immediately backfilled and <br /> remain vacant are in generally good condition and do not exhibit signs of urban decay. These <br /> factors suggest that retail vacancies that might occur in the Project's market area as a result of <br /> Project or cumulative project economic impacts will be well-maintained during any period of <br /> vacancy and will not contribute to conditions of urban decay or deterioration. <br /> Urban Decay Conclusion <br /> ALH Economics focused on determining whether or not physical deterioration in existing retail <br /> centers and area hotels would likely result from the opening of the Project and other cumulative <br /> retail or hotel developments in reaching a conclusion about economic impacts contributing to or <br /> leading to urban decay. The conclusion is based on consideration of current market conditions, <br /> findings regarding diverted sales, and regulatory controls. Highlights of these findings are as <br /> follows: <br /> Current Market Conditions: The fieldwork and market research indicated that <br /> retail market conditions are moderate to very strong in the market area's core <br /> commercial areas, with low to moderate retail vacancy rates. Retail leasing activity <br /> is strong and existing vacancies are well maintained. <br /> Sales and Vacancy Impacts: The findings suggest the Project's Phase I <br /> development could potentially result in the closure of one grocery store and that at <br /> Full Buildout the cumulative project impacts (including the Project) could result in a <br /> modest increase in the market area's vacancy rate, as new market area demand <br /> will not be sufficient to support all the competitive retail space. While the grocery <br /> store closure is deemed unlikely, due to factors such as the anticipated distribution <br /> of impacts and the lack of variety and bulk orientation of goods available at club <br /> retail stores, even if the modest amount of vacancy occurs, the resulting vacancy <br /> rate increment will be nominal, with the resulting vacancy rate well within the range <br /> indicative of a healthy retail market. Moreover, the market's demonstrated retail <br /> absorption, including backfilling of larger retail spaces, coupled with the strong to <br /> ' Backfilling refers to re-tenanting of vacant retail spaces. <br /> Johnson Drive EDZ Urban Decay 8 ALH Urban & Regional Economics <br />