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Quantifying GHG Emissions 6.2 Operational GHG Emissions CalEEMod estimates operational emissions of CO2, N20, and CH4 generated by area sources,energy use,vehicle trips (i.e., mobile sources),waste generation,and water use and conveyance. Operational emissions should be calculated for year 2030, rather than the plan/project buildout year, in order to provide an appropriate comparison of project emissions to the year 2030 threshold. Area Source Emissions Area sources include GHG emissions that would occur from the use of landscaping equipment, hearths, and woodstoves,which emit GHGs associated with the equipment's fuel combustion.The landscaping equipment emission values in CaIEEMod are derived from the 2011 Off-Road Equipment Inventory Model.31 Emission rates for combustion of wood and natural gas for wood stoves and fireplaces are based on those published by the U.S. EPA in Chapter 1.9 of AP-42. Typically., no adjustments to landscaping equipment inputs are necessary.The number of hearths and woodstoves should be adjusted in CalEEMod to reflect the project design. Energy Use Emissions GHGs are emitted on-site during the combustion of natural gas for cooking, space and water heating, and decorative uses and off-site during the generation of electricity from fossil fuels in power plants. CalEEMod estimates GHG emissions from energy use by multiplying average rates of residential and non-residential energy consumption by the quantities of residential units and non- residential square footage entered in the land use module to obtain total projected energy use.This value is then multiplied by electricity and natural gas GHG emission factors applicable to the plan/project location and utility provider. Building energy use is typically divided into energy consumed by the built environment and energy consumed by uses that are independent of the building, such as plug-in appliances. Non-building energy use, or"plug-in energy use,"can be further subdivided by specific end-use(refrigeration, cooking, office equipment,etc.). In California,Title 24 governs energy consumed by the built environment, mechanical systems,and some types of fixed lighting. Electricity emissions are calculated by multiplying the energy use by the carbon intensity of the utility district per kilowatt hour.32 Projects would be served either by EBCE or by PG&E.The specific energy intensity factors(i.e.,the amount of CO2, CH4,and N20 per kilowatt-hour)for the applicable utility should be used in the calculations of GHG emissions. As of publication of this guidance document,the current iteration of Title 24 included the 2019 Building Energy Efficiency Standards. In accordance with Section 150.1(b)14 of the 2019 Building Energy Efficiency Standards, all new residential uses three stories or less must install photovoltaic (PV)solar panels that generate an amount of electricity equal to expected electricity usage.The calculation method contained in Section 150.1(b)14 of the 2019 Building Energy Efficiency Standards should be utilized to estimate the number of kilowatts of PV solar panels that would be required for a residential project three stories or less. In addition, modeling should account for local regulations 311bid. 321bid. Draft 33