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PAGE 21 In the Maintenance District,the advantage that each parcel receives from the Improvements is direct, and the boundaries are narrowly drawn to include only parcels that benefit from the Assessment. Therefore, the even spread of assessment throughout the narrowly drawn district is indeed consistent with the SVTA decision. The benefits from the Improvements within the Maintenance District do not vary further based on proximity of the parcels to the Improvements because the increased benefits of greater proximity to the Improvements are generally offset by a parallel increase in negative factors such as higher levels of traffic, noise, etc. that comes with increased proximity. Consequently, since all parcels in the Maintenance District have good access and proximity to the Improvements and the benefits to relatively closer proximity are offset by other factors, additional proximity is not considered to be a factor in determining benefit within the Maintenance District. Therefore, zones of benefit are not justified or needed within the Maintenance District. METHOD OF ASSESSMENT As previously discussed, the Assessments provide comprehensive Improvements that clearly confers direct and special benefits to properties in the Maintenance District. The allocation of special benefits to property is primarily based on the type of property and the size of property. These benefits can also partially be measured by the occupants on property in the Maintenance District because such parcel population density is a measure of the relative benefit a parcel receives from the Improvements. It should be noted that many other types of"traditional"assessments also use parcel population densities to apportion the assessments. For example, the assessments for sewer systems, roads and water systems are typically allocated based on the population density of the parcels assessed. Therefore, the apportionment of benefit is reasonably based on the type of parcel, the size of parcels and the population density of parcels. A critical step in apportioning assessments is to determine the relative special benefit for each property. This process involves determining the relative benefit received by each property in relation to a single family home, or, in other words, on the basis of Single Family Equivalent(SFE) units. This SFE methodology is commonly used to distribute assessments in proportion to estimated special benefit and is generally recognized as providing the basis for a fair and appropriate distribution of assessments. For the purposes of this Engineer's Report, all properties are designated an SFE value, which is each property's relative benefit in relation to a single family home on one parcel. In this case, the "benchmark" property is the single family detached dwelling which is one Single Family Equivalent unit or one SFE. Finally,the special benefits to be derived from the Assessments will be conferred on property and are not based on a specific property owner's use of the Improvements, a specific property owners occupancy of property, or the property owners demographic status such as age or number of dependents.The benefits derived to property are related to the average number of people who could potentially live on, work at, or otherwise could occupy a CITY OF PLEASANTON LIGHTING&LANDSCAPE MAINTENANCE DISTRICT NO.1984-1,PONDEROSA SCIConsultingGroup ENGINEER'S REPORT,FISCAL YEAR 2020-21