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The 1-680 freeway borders the neighborhood to the west and would not experience sufficient JDEDZ-related traffic growth to result in a measurable noise increase. While regional air pollutant emissions are considered significant, they would not directly affect locations near the JDEDZ because the effects of monitored regional pollutants, such as ozone and nitrogen dioxide, are widely distributed throughout the Bay Area's air basin. With respect to the local effects of toxic air contaminants such as diesel particulate matter (DPM) and small/respirable particulate matter (PM2.5), the analysis in the DSEIR found that effects would be less than significant, with mitigation required only if a sensitive use, such as senior housing, was proposed within the JDEDZ. The distance between the proposed JDEDZ area and the residences on the west side of 1-680 and the Val Vista neighborhood (approximately 800 to 1,000 feet for locations within the JDEDZ except that of the existing FedEx facility) would preclude new uses within the JDEDZ from generating significant localized air quality impacts to this neighborhood. Please refer to the Master Response to Comments in the FSEIR regarding impacts to the Val Vista and other Neighborhoods near the Proposed JDEDZ. ALTERNATIVES As required by CEQA, Chapter 5 of the DSEIR (Attachment 2) analyzes a range of reasonable alternatives to the proposed JDEDZ, including the No Project Alternative, the Reduced Retail Alternative, and the Partial Buildout Alternative. Staff does not recommend any of these alternatives as none of them completely achieve the desired project objectives nor do any of these alternatives completely reduce all significant but unavoidable impacts identified in the FSEIR. Please refer to Attachment 2 for more information about alternatives to the JDEDZ. JDEDZ TRANSPORTATION FEE City staff has been directed by Council to provide a methodology and structure for a possible JDEDZ Transportation Fee to assess on new development within the project area to recoup infrastructure costs borne by the City. A general description of that fee methodology and structure is provided below. A resolution recommending approval of the City's intent to adopt a JDEDZ Transportation Fee is provided in Attachment 10. Formal fee adoption hearings will be scheduled with the City Council in early 2018. Costco represents approximately 44 percent of the total estimated trips generated by the JDEDZ at build -out. The other hotel and retail land uses included in the JDEDZ comprise the remaining 56 percent of the total trips. However, because Costco would be the first development to occur in the JDEDZ and the transportation improvements have to be completed before Costco can become operational, the City and Costco are covering 100 percent of the non -TIF portion of the transportation improvements project costs. Figure 4 summarizes the allocation of the transportation improvements project costs by land uses. Page 17 of 22